SIDE BY SIDE
How do two states really compare?
See the differences across 31 measures. Change either state, explore a topic, and create a free link to your exact comparison.
vs.
31 MEASURES. TWO PERSPECTIVES.
Pennsylvania & California
| MEASURE | PENNSYLVANIA | CALIFORNIA | DIFFERENCE · FIRST MINUS SECOND |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population ↗Reported count | 13,078,751#5 of 50 states | 39,431,263#1 of 50 states | −26,352,512 |
| Housing units ↗Reported count | 5,742,828#5 of 50 states | 14,392,140#1 of 50 states | −8,649,312 |
| Vacant housing units ↗Reported count | 499,596#7 of 50 states | 1,079,379#3 of 50 states | −579,783 |
| Reported monthly rent ↗Dollars | $1,252#22 of 50 states | $2,104#50 of 50 states | −$852 |
| Employed residents ↗Reported count | 6,506,979#5 of 50 states | 19,240,700#1 of 50 states | −12,733,721 |
| Unemployed residents ↗Reported count | 295,588#6 of 50 states | 1,213,681#1 of 50 states | −918,093 |
| Armed Forces personnel ↗Reported count | 8,694#28 of 50 states | 148,959#1 of 50 states | −140,265 |
| Residents outside the labor force ↗Reported count | 3,974,271#5 of 50 states | 11,486,404#1 of 50 states | −7,512,133 |
| Public transportation commuters ↗Reported count | 266,661#6 of 50 states | 623,078#2 of 50 states | −356,417 |
| Residents working from home ↗Reported count | 883,654#5 of 50 states | 2,672,106#1 of 50 states | −1,788,452 |
| Mean commute time ↗Minutes | 27.1 min#38 of 50 states | 29.7 min#46 of 50 states | −2.6 min |
| Median household income ↗Dollars | $77,545#27 of 50 states | $100,149#5 of 50 states | −$22,604 |
| Per capita income ↗Dollars | $44,674#21 of 50 states | $49,934#10 of 50 states | −$5,260 |
| Mean household income ↗Dollars | $107,471#25 of 50 states | $140,112#3 of 50 states | −$32,641 |
| Reported SNAP receipt ↗Reported count | 810,783#5 of 50 states | 1,860,876#1 of 50 states | −1,050,093 |
| Reported Social Security income ↗Reported count | 1,893,816#5 of 50 states | 3,979,060#1 of 50 states | −2,085,244 |
| Reported retirement income ↗Reported count | 1,476,855#5 of 50 states | 3,039,722#1 of 50 states | −1,562,867 |
| Reported SSI receipt ↗Reported count | 295,026#5 of 50 states | 790,850#1 of 50 states | −495,824 |
| Reported cash public assistance ↗Reported count | 179,184#5 of 50 states | 512,054#1 of 50 states | −332,870 |
| Residents with health insurance ↗Reported count | 12,141,017#5 of 50 states | 36,664,436#1 of 50 states | −24,523,419 |
| Residents without health insurance ↗Reported count | 752,566#10 of 50 states | 2,314,464#3 of 50 states | −1,561,898 |
| Private health insurance ↗Reported count | 9,069,018#5 of 50 states | 24,647,655#1 of 50 states | −15,578,637 |
| Public health insurance ↗Reported count | 4,976,026#5 of 50 states | 15,996,023#1 of 50 states | −11,019,997 |
| Private wage workers ↗Reported count | 5,397,398#5 of 50 states | 14,876,469#1 of 50 states | −9,479,071 |
| Government workers ↗Reported count | 764,492#8 of 50 states | 2,904,921#1 of 50 states | −2,140,429 |
| Self-employed workers ↗Reported count | 333,672#5 of 50 states | 1,421,571#1 of 50 states | −1,087,899 |
| White non-Hispanic population ↗Reported count | 9,400,332#5 of 50 states | 12,842,211#1 of 50 states | −3,441,879 |
| Black or African American population ↗Reported count | 1,324,582#12 of 50 states | 2,008,322#6 of 50 states | −683,740 |
| American Indian & Alaska Native population ↗Reported count | 9,176#35 of 50 states | 105,814#4 of 50 states | −96,638 |
| Asian population ↗Reported count | 541,852#11 of 50 states | 6,243,676#1 of 50 states | −5,701,824 |
| Hispanic or Latino population ↗Reported count | 1,232,617#11 of 50 states | 16,069,214#1 of 50 states | −14,836,597 |
Ranks follow each measure’s default order. Counts reflect state size as well as the underlying condition; higher is not automatically better. State comparisons describe separate populations, not the same household across measures.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · 2020–2024 ACS 5-Year Estimates. Supplied extract; descriptive ranks across 50 states.
Commission deeper NDS analysis ↗