SIDE BY SIDE
How do two states really compare?
See the differences across 31 measures. Change either state, explore a topic, and create a free link to your exact comparison.
vs.
31 MEASURES. TWO PERSPECTIVES.
Pennsylvania & Massachusetts
| MEASURE | PENNSYLVANIA | MASSACHUSETTS | DIFFERENCE · FIRST MINUS SECOND |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population ↗Reported count | 13,078,751#5 of 50 states | 7,136,171#16 of 50 states | +5,942,580 |
| Housing units ↗Reported count | 5,742,828#5 of 50 states | 2,998,537#16 of 50 states | +2,744,291 |
| Vacant housing units ↗Reported count | 499,596#7 of 50 states | 228,049#23 of 50 states | +271,547 |
| Reported monthly rent ↗Dollars | $1,252#22 of 50 states | $1,848#48 of 50 states | −$596 |
| Employed residents ↗Reported count | 6,506,979#5 of 50 states | 3,831,790#14 of 50 states | +2,675,189 |
| Unemployed residents ↗Reported count | 295,588#6 of 50 states | 162,597#15 of 50 states | +132,991 |
| Armed Forces personnel ↗Reported count | 8,694#28 of 50 states | 6,047#35 of 50 states | +2,647 |
| Residents outside the labor force ↗Reported count | 3,974,271#5 of 50 states | 1,953,387#17 of 50 states | +2,020,884 |
| Public transportation commuters ↗Reported count | 266,661#6 of 50 states | 291,776#5 of 50 states | −25,115 |
| Residents working from home ↗Reported count | 883,654#5 of 50 states | 556,682#15 of 50 states | +326,972 |
| Mean commute time ↗Minutes | 27.1 min#38 of 50 states | 30.6 min#47 of 50 states | −3.5 min |
| Median household income ↗Dollars | $77,545#27 of 50 states | $104,828#1 of 50 states | −$27,283 |
| Per capita income ↗Dollars | $44,674#21 of 50 states | $57,789#1 of 50 states | −$13,115 |
| Mean household income ↗Dollars | $107,471#25 of 50 states | $144,312#1 of 50 states | −$36,841 |
| Reported SNAP receipt ↗Reported count | 810,783#5 of 50 states | 426,702#11 of 50 states | +384,081 |
| Reported Social Security income ↗Reported count | 1,893,816#5 of 50 states | 872,672#17 of 50 states | +1,021,144 |
| Reported retirement income ↗Reported count | 1,476,855#5 of 50 states | 669,715#19 of 50 states | +807,140 |
| Reported SSI receipt ↗Reported count | 295,026#5 of 50 states | 151,041#12 of 50 states | +143,985 |
| Reported cash public assistance ↗Reported count | 179,184#5 of 50 states | 95,822#9 of 50 states | +83,362 |
| Residents with health insurance ↗Reported count | 12,141,017#5 of 50 states | 6,872,233#14 of 50 states | +5,268,784 |
| Residents without health insurance ↗Reported count | 752,566#10 of 50 states | 198,589#35 of 50 states | +553,977 |
| Private health insurance ↗Reported count | 9,069,018#5 of 50 states | 5,170,360#14 of 50 states | +3,898,658 |
| Public health insurance ↗Reported count | 4,976,026#5 of 50 states | 2,646,331#15 of 50 states | +2,329,695 |
| Private wage workers ↗Reported count | 5,397,398#5 of 50 states | 3,122,484#13 of 50 states | +2,274,914 |
| Government workers ↗Reported count | 764,492#8 of 50 states | 502,969#15 of 50 states | +261,523 |
| Self-employed workers ↗Reported count | 333,672#5 of 50 states | 200,942#16 of 50 states | +132,730 |
| White non-Hispanic population ↗Reported count | 9,400,332#5 of 50 states | 4,638,530#17 of 50 states | +4,761,802 |
| Black or African American population ↗Reported count | 1,324,582#12 of 50 states | 451,443#21 of 50 states | +873,139 |
| American Indian & Alaska Native population ↗Reported count | 9,176#35 of 50 states | 5,548#42 of 50 states | +3,628 |
| Asian population ↗Reported count | 541,852#11 of 50 states | 545,521#9 of 50 states | −3,669 |
| Hispanic or Latino population ↗Reported count | 1,232,617#11 of 50 states | 998,795#16 of 50 states | +233,822 |
Ranks follow each measure’s default order. Counts reflect state size as well as the underlying condition; higher is not automatically better. State comparisons describe separate populations, not the same household across measures.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2024 ACS 5-Year Estimates. Supplied extract; descriptive ranks across 50 states.
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